CakePHPの初期ディレクトリ構造から、各ファイルの役割を解説する【CakePHP4】③src/model

bin/cake bake model users

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Model\Table;

use Cake\ORM\Query;
use Cake\ORM\RulesChecker;
use Cake\ORM\Table;
use Cake\Validation\Validator;

/**
 * Users Model
 *
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User newEmptyEntity()
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User newEntity(array $data, array $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User[] newEntities(array $data, array $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User get($primaryKey, $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User findOrCreate($search, ?callable $callback = null, $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User patchEntity(\Cake\Datasource\EntityInterface $entity, array $data, array $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User[] patchEntities(iterable $entities, array $data, array $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User|false save(\Cake\Datasource\EntityInterface $entity, $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User saveOrFail(\Cake\Datasource\EntityInterface $entity, $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User[]|\Cake\Datasource\ResultSetInterface|false saveMany(iterable $entities, $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User[]|\Cake\Datasource\ResultSetInterface saveManyOrFail(iterable $entities, $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User[]|\Cake\Datasource\ResultSetInterface|false deleteMany(iterable $entities, $options = [])
 * @method \App\Model\Entity\User[]|\Cake\Datasource\ResultSetInterface deleteManyOrFail(iterable $entities, $options = [])
 */
class UsersTable extends Table
{
    /**
     * Initialize method
     *
     * @param array $config The configuration for the Table.
     * @return void
     */
    public function initialize(array $config): void
    {
        parent::initialize($config);

        $this->setTable('users');
        $this->setDisplayField('name');
        $this->setPrimaryKey('id');
    }

    /**
     * Default validation rules.
     *
     * @param \Cake\Validation\Validator $validator Validator instance.
     * @return \Cake\Validation\Validator
     */
    public function validationDefault(Validator $validator): Validator
    {
        $validator
            ->scalar('name')
            ->maxLength('name', 255)
            ->requirePresence('name', 'create')
            ->notEmptyString('name');

        return $validator;
    }
}

public function initialize(array $config): void
    {
        parent::initialize($config);

        //テーブル名の設定。どのテーブルにアクセスするか？
        $this->setTable('users');

        //「nameというカラムがあるよ」という登録
        $this->setDisplayField('name');

       //プライマリーキーの指定
        $this->setPrimaryKey('id');
    }

    /**
     * Default validation rules.
     *
     * @param \Cake\Validation\Validator $validator Validator instance.
     * @return \Cake\Validation\Validator
     */
    public function validationDefault(Validator $validator): Validator
    {
        //バリデーターの指定。
        $validator
            ->scalar('name')

            //nameのデータ型はvarchar255なので最長255文字
            ->maxLength('name', 255)
            ->requirePresence('name', 'create')

            //emptyはNGなのでその旨設定。
            ->notEmptyString('name');

        return $validator;
    }

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Model\Entity;

use Cake\ORM\Entity;

/**
 * User Entity
 *
 * @property int $id
 * @property string $name
 */
class User extends Entity
{
    /**
     * Fields that can be mass assigned using newEntity() or patchEntity().
     *
     * Note that when '*' is set to true, this allows all unspecified fields to
     * be mass assigned. For security purposes, it is advised to set '*' to false
     * (or remove it), and explicitly make individual fields accessible as needed.
     *
     * @var array<string, bool>
     */
    protected $_accessible = [
        'name' => true,
    ];
}

//各テーブルのデータ型を記載
 * @property int $id
 * @property string $name
 */
class User extends Entity
{
    /**
     * Fields that can be mass assigned using newEntity() or patchEntity().
     *
     * Note that when '*' is set to true, this allows all unspecified fields to
     * be mass assigned. For security purposes, it is advised to set '*' to false
     * (or remove it), and explicitly make individual fields accessible as needed.
     *
     * @var array<string, bool>
     */
    protected $_accessible = [
        //「nameは編集していいよ」という設定。（idはダメ。デフォルトではfalseのため）
        'name' => true,
    ];
}